Oracle Fusion Security operates on the principle of RBAC, which stands for Role Based Access Control. This approach is designed to control and restrict access to authorized users, specifying who can perform specific actions on which data sets. Instead of granting direct access to individual users, RBAC streamlines access by organizing it through roles. Users can only access system resources through the roles assigned to them, which, in turn, define their access to functions and data, facilitating their job-related tasks.
In Oracle Fusion Security, different types of roles are utilized:
- Job Role: Job roles correspond to specific positions or job functions within an organization. These roles are typically discernible by their names, which often directly relate to an employee’s job. There are predefined job roles in the application, and custom job roles can also be created. For example, roles like “Benefits Administrator” or “Compensation Manager” clarify an employee’s responsibilities within the organization.
- Abstract Role: Abstract roles represent a worker’s role within the enterprise, regardless of their specific job title. These roles help distinguish workers within the organization, such as those on the company payroll and their categories, like “Employee” or “Manager.” Similar to job roles, predefined abstract roles exist, and custom abstract roles can be established.
- Data Role: Data roles combine a worker’s job function with the data they are authorized to access. These roles specify the data instances on which specific job tasks can be executed. For example, a user with the role “Payroll Manager US” is responsible for payroll tasks related to US employees but cannot access data for other countries. Data roles define the scope of data access for a particular job.
- Duty Role: Duty roles define a set of essential tasks that users must perform as part of their job responsibilities. These roles provide access to application functions, but they cannot be directly assigned to users. Instead, they are aligned with other job and abstract roles and indirectly granted to users. Duty roles serve as the foundational building blocks of the RBAC concept.
Within this framework, data security plays a crucial role in articulating the security requirement of “Who can do What on Which set of data.” Users are, by default, denied access to all data, and data security profiles define criteria that specify which business objects and data sets they can access.
Role provisioning is the mechanism through which users acquire roles. There are three main methods of role provisioning:
- Auto Provision: Roles are automatically assigned to users based on predefined criteria.
- Requestable: Users can request roles, and they are granted by other users or administrators.
- Self-Requestable: Users have the ability to request roles themselves.
In summary, Oracle Fusion Security’s RBAC framework, encompassing various role types and data security measures, ensures that users have controlled and appropriate access to functions and data, contributing to a secure and well-organized operation within the organization.
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